Development of a design and implementation process for the integration of hydrokinetic devices into existing infrastructure in South Africa

Abstract

In South Africa there is currently no notable use of modern small-scale hydrokinetic (HK) energy systems, mainly due to formerly low-cost coal-powered electricity. /T_his renewable energy option makes use of the kinetic energy from /f_lowing water, rather than potential energy, which is more o/f_ten used in conventional hydropower. Updated re/f_ined versions of this technology are now being investigated and manufactured due to the global drive towards reducing carbon emissions and increasing energy efficiency. /T_hese modular units allow for installation of HK turbines into existing water infrastructure with very little civil works. /T_he study’s objective was to develop a simpli/f_ied design and implementation process for HK devices within the South African legislative and regulatory environment. Approximately 66% of South Africa’s water supply is used by the agricultural sector with more than 6 500 km of canal systems running through many areas which could bene/f_it from alternative energy sources.

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