Membrane development and fabrication for reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration part 2

Abstract

In a semi-arid country such as South Africa we are all too often made aware, by the recurrence of drought and the imposition of water restrictions, of how essential water is to nature and man. Industrial growth proceeds with population growth and further increases the demand for the already meagre resources of water. Industrial growth areas have now to be supported by transporting water over long distances, even from neighbouring states. Water has been identified as a strategic mineral and in many quarters is seen as a growth-limiting factor. Its quality and availability need to be protected, even by legislation, as the demand will exceed supply by the year 2020 - 2030. One process which will help to augment the supply of water by recycling of wastewater, is the desalination process of reverse osmosis.

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