Laminar flow pipe hydraulics of pseudoplastic-thixotropic sewage sludges

Abstract

The flow properties of heterogeneous sewage sludges are dependent on solids concentration and sludge type. General pipe flow design methods for sewage sludge applications are therefore unreliable. The non-Newtonian (pseudoplastic) and time-dependent (thixotropic) influence on the rheological characteristics of raw sludge was determined experimentally. These characteristics were used as basis to develop an empirical method to determine the head losses in pressure pipes conveying these sludges under laminar flow conditions. The method is illustrated by means of a design example.

Authors

Categories