Biochemical genetic markers to identify hybrids between the endemic Oreochromis Mossambicus and the alien species, O. Niloticus (Pisces: Cichlidae)

Abstract

The invasion of exotic Oreochromis niloticus into the Limpopo River system (in the vicinity of the Vembe Nature Reserve, Northern Province, South Africa) was studied. Oreochromis niloticus was found in pools in the nearly dry river bed, as well as in dams alongside the river. Pure O. mossambicus was also found at these localities, as well as individuals that appeared hybrid-like. Starch gel-electrophoresis of muscle tissues and the resolution of protein loci using specific histochemical techniques identified the pure species as well as verifying the presence of hybrids. Various morphological characteristics were studied in order to identify hybrids. Red tilapias from the aquariums at the Rand Afrikaans University were also analysed to determine if they are hybrids or mutants. This is the first account of hybrids between the above-mentioned species in South Africa and there is no evidence that the red tilapias are hybrids.

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