Invertebrates as biomonitors of sand-filter efficiency

Abstract

1 January 1998 43 Introduction Although free-living organisms form an integrated part of nature and chemical processes that keep the ecosystem in balance, these organisms should be absent from potable water (World Health Organisation, 1984). , 1994). The relationship between viruses, bacteria, protozoa and algae and their effects on potable water production and quality have been studied. , 1996 and Clasen, 1996). The first recorded macro-invertebrate infestation of a water system was by Malloch (1915) who reported that Chironomidae larvae were found in the public waterworks supply of Boone, Iowa (USA).

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